JRC REVIEW No.53 Technical Reports

- Special Issues : Disaster Management Radio System -

For Saga Prefecture, JRC built the Saga Prefectual Goverment Disaster Management communications network as a network of "full IP."

It was the first case across the country to build a Goverment Disaster Management communications network into which the "full IP" method was implemented and ground radio lines and administrative optical lines were integrated.

Furthermore, by 260MHz band digital mobile radio communications and second generation satellite radio communications, this network can rapidly collect and transfer information on the disasters which occurred across the prefecture to the facilities of the nation and prefecture, prefectural government (disaster management center) , relay stations, prefectural on-site agencies, municipal offices, fire headquarters, dams, disaster prevention agencies, and so on.

This paper mainly introduces the configuration and characteristics of the radio facilities JRC delivered.

Koji Kiyomiya
Nobutaka Ogawa
Shinichi Homma
Hidekazu Tanaka
Isamu Fukushima
Shinichi Mizuno
Takahiro Ohkawa
Koichiro Takagi
Akio Hiraishi

- Special Issues : Disaster Management Radio System -

The simultaneous directive system is a system for transferring disaster information and administrative information from agencies concerned to many terminal stations at the prefectural government office, its branches, municipal offices, and agencies concerned using the prefectural disaster management radio system in the formats of voice, FAX, or data. This is an indispensable function of the prefectural disaster management radio system together with individual telephones, FAX communications, and mobile communications.

IP implementation of transmission lines began in the tertiary prefecture disaster prevention project from fiscal 2003, and JRC has also developed a simultaneous directive system using IP transmission, which corresponds to this campaign, and has already delivered this. We report at this time because functions have been further advanced.

Yasushi Yamauchi
Yutaka Suenaga
Yoshiaki Suzuki
Takashi Ono
Teruo Okano
Shinichi Honma
Kouichirou Takagi

- Special Issues : Disaster Management Radio System -

Nowadays, in municipal governments, digitalization of the disaster management radio system (mobile communication system) is progressing along with municipal merger.

The digital mobile communication system has better affinity with digital data than the analog mobile communication system, so that ser vices regarding various types of data transmission can be implemented in addition to voice communications.

JRC delivered the municipal digital simultaneous communication system to the city of Matsue in March, 2006, and realized transmission of images, characters, and FAX in the system. This system is being used as a system in which the merits expected for this system are fully utilized.

Yoshiyuki Ogawa
Hiroyuki Inokuchi
Teruo Okano
Hirotaka Fujiwara
Toshihisa Kawajiri
Shinichi Honma
Hidekazu Tanaka
Koutaro Miyazawa
Yutaka Suenaga
Shuji Hirosawa
Isamu Fukushima
Takashi Kondou
Akio Hiraishi
Makoto Yasui
Akito Fujita

- Special Issues : Disaster Management Radio System -

Nowadays, in municipal governments, digitalization of the disaster management radio system (simultaneous communication system) is progressing along with municipal merger.

The digital simultaneous communication system has better affinity with digital data than the analog simultaneous communication system, so that services regarding various types of data transmission can be implemented in addition to voice communications.

JRC delivered the municipal digital simultaneous communication system to the city of Awaji in March, 2006, and realized transmission of images, characters, and FAX in the system. This system is being used as a system in which the merits expected for this system are fully utilized.

Kiyoshi Takagi
Satoru Ishigaki
Ikuo Obara
Takashi Fujiwara
Takashi Matsuda
Miki Fujimaki
Hiroyuki Satoh

- Special Issues : Disaster Management Information System -

Japan has many experiences of windstorms, floods, and earthquake damages. When disasters have occurred or are foreseen, the nation, prefectures, and local governments place disaster countermeasure headquarters, and collect damage information and take measures for minimizing damages.

Triggered by the Great Hanshin Earthquake in 1995, prefectural governments have been accelerating development of disaster prevention centers.

On the other hand, in the Chuetsu Earthquake of Niigata Prefecture, which occurred in 2004, some issues were raised as to the operating methods of the disaster prevention center.

JRC proposes a comprehensive disaster prevention information system assisting disaster countermeasures of prefectural governments by utilizing abundant experiences of real-time information collection/distribution system of earthquakes, meteorology, hydrology, and roads, and the know-how of building the comprehensive disaster prevention information system.

JRC received an order of construction of developing the Tochigi Prefecture crisis management center, which is to be developed together with the building of the new prefectural government office. This report also introduces the status of the system building of this center.

Kunikazu Kumaki
Akinori Mori
Yukihide Katoh
Sadaharu Hashimoto
Toshiaki Haruki
Shoji Shirakawa
Toshiharu Otani
Tetsuya Urakawa

- Special Issues : Disaster Management Information System -

Kumamoto Prefecture has been greatly damaged by floods and landslides in the past due to heavy rainfall in flood seasons and directly hit of typhoons. Additionly, in recent years, a natural disaster has been greater than past ones, such as localized concentrated downpours and long-term floods due to be a urbanization and a global warming, fortermore affected wide-area damages due to big typhoon, or sudden earthquakes. Therefore, it has become urgent to grasp real-time information on the status of disaster damages such as quantity of rainfall, water level, tide level, or weather information, and to deliver such information to the residents appropriately and rapidly. Thus, Kumamoto Prefecture has been providing the latest information on quantity of rainfall, water level, degree of landslide risk, and tide level as well as weather information for the residents as part of the information for disaster prevention. The system JRC introduces here is provided to grasp the risk of disaster occurrence based on various data of the areas exposed to the risks of various disasters, predict residents' damages, and to support residents' evacuation. Devices in the system are connected by the network, so that they can be shared and utilized. In addition, collected data and processed results can be disclosed to the residents by information publication technologies, as well as be rapidly transferred to the appropriate local goverments concerned.

Masayuki Oniishi
Norito Kakiuchi
Ryuhou Nakaguchi

- Special Issues : Disaster Management Information System -

Troubles of public systems and reduction of public work costs are attracting social attention nowadays. In such a trend, for reliability improvement and cost minimization of control processing facilities for dam control, the standard design specifications of control facilities for dam management (original draft) was issued in July, 2004 by the River Environment Division of River Bureau Ministry of MLIT, and its instruction manual (draft) was issued in June, 2005 by the Water Resources Environment Technology Center.

JRC developed a dam control system compliant with the new standard specifications which particularly regards the system's reliability and operability as important, triggered by the establishment of the new standard specifications. This paper outlines the new standard specifications, describes the system configuration specified in them, and reports the system technologies compliant with the standard specifications, which were developed by JRC.

Hiroshi Shimada
Makoto Aoki

- Special Issues : Disaster Management Information System -

The road information system is a system to collect and distribute road information (information on the weather surrounding roads, constructions, regulations and so on) varying successively so that road managers can manage roads safely and effectively. Since such road information has been broadly provided for general road users too, an even more highly immediate and reliable system than ever is required.

Under these circumstances, the road information system was built, which was configured with a system to enter regulation information into a Website, a system to collect road information to stations, and a system to provide road information.

This made it possible to improve the system's reliability, and provide road information in a real-time manner.

Hideyuki Menjoh
Masao Takeda
Yoshiaki Kasezawa
Hidenori Kobayashi
Takayoshi Inoue
Atsunori Ikeda
Akira Masuda
Atsunori Nakamura
Tatsuya Enokido

- Special Issues : Disaster Management System & Equipment -

Since approximately 70% of Japan's national land is occupied by mountainous areas, such areas almost necessarily appear when traffic networks between large cities are developed. Hence, if traffic networks are developed such that they thread through mountainous areas, costs can be reduced. However, the roads will wind making it an acident-prone area. However, even if the road is made straight by constructing a tunnel, new risks will occur because inside of the tunnel is a dark closed space.

Thus, one of the devices for reducing such new risks as much as possible is the radio re-broadcasting system.

By installing the radio re-broadcasting system, radio broadcast can be listened to even inside the tunnels, which could not be previously be heard. In addition, in emergency cases, this system can provide information directly to the drivers who are driving inside tunnels by interrupting the radio broadcast and providing interruptive broadcast (providing information) .

This is a system by which drivers can receive information without using any special devices or conducting any needless operations, simply by listening to the radio during driving.

Hiroshi Kumagai
Masahisa Takahashi
Masatomo Asai
Tetsuya Nakamura
Matsumi Mizuguchi
Hisayuki Sugai
Yasuhisa Yamamoto
Kaoru Hatsuno
Haruaki Yamamoto

- Special Issues : Disaster Management System & Equipment -

"Single elderly people" (single those over households of people 65years old) have increased by approximately 75% compared to ten years ago, showing a trend of sharp increase. Therefore, the need to comfirm safety of "single elderly people" in daily life has been increasing. On the other hand, double-income households have been increasing in and after the middle of the 1990s. This indicates that close relatives with single elderly people must find time to keep watch over the lives of their single elderly relatives while managing their everyday life. Under these circumstances, the safety confirmation system is a system effective in supporting the lives of single elderly people and their close relatives. However, attention must be paid to the methods of safety confirmation and device installation. For example, if monitoring cameras and wall cables are installed in the house of a single elderly person, it might bring discomfort to him/her, so that it may cause a problem when the system is introduced.

This system judges safety based on the frequency of a door opening/closing. In addition, for the sensor for detecting door opening/closing, a wireless communications method was adopted. Furthermore, e-mail was adopted as the method for notifying close relatives of their relative's safety. This made it possible to build a safety confirmation system which does not hearily affect the daily lives of both the elderly people and close relatives.

Tsutomu Kounosu
Hiroshi Hirata
Jun Miura
Yuuki Ikeda
Takashi Nagayachi

- Special Issues : Disaster Management System & Equipment -

MLIT (Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport) /local governments have introduced many camera devices for monitoring space and facilities throughout road and river areas, performing monitoring on a daily basis to rapidly cope with natural disasters, which have been increasing recently. In particular, in the case of MLIT, optical fiber networks have been developed on a nationwide scale due to the promotion of the information highway plan. Thus, for the enormous number of camera devices currently installed, it is the development policy to build a system which utilizes MPEG2 to enable to transfer high-quality images using those optical fiber networks. It is however very difficult currently to constantly monitor such an enormous number of videos. Although simple storage devices have been introduced individually in some cases, such devices are only tentative storages of the videos, and video's quality and operation methods are also limited. Hence, JRC developed a storage/replay system aiming at saving, replaying, and searching for various videos effectively, and enhanced the system's added value by collaborating this system with the existing CCTV facility. In the future, JRC will deploy the CCTV system in the market by proposing this image storage/replay system.

Ikuo Ueda
Jun Nagashiro
Norihide Sekitoh
Tomonobu Takeshita
Yuji okada
Naohito Horikawa

- Special Issues : Disaster Management System & Equipment -

Common Platform IPS-800 Series are incorporated computers for control use, developed as common platforms for the system of demands from government and public sectors.

Abundant network boards and interface board families, which are necessary for constructing disaster prevention systems such as dam control systems, river information systems, road information systems, or telemeter alert systems, are available.

In addition, JRC has mounted a real-time OS, T-Kernel, standardized various types of software to be used for I/O signals processing, networks, MLIT standard communications specifications, and made it possible to design highly reliable systems on a short delivery basis.

Yasushi Takizawa
Masahiro Suzuki
Kenichi Yoshida
Tatsuji Fujise
Toru Iwabuchi
Shuji Yasukura
Jun Satoh
Eiji Ikari
Toshiyuki Agawa
Mizuki Matsuura
Katsutoshi Shimizu
Tsutomu Takahashi
Takashi Okuyama

- Technical Papers -

Prefectural government offices and municipal offices have assembly halls and committee rooms to hold assemblies and committees. In the assembly halls and committee rooms, some management tasks are generally performed. For example, voices of remarks are amplified and recorded, assembly videos are distributed and recorded, voting status is checked and displayed, and assembly members' attending/leaving of the meeting places is checked. Hence, a system to support such assembly operation is indispensable. JRC calls these systems the "assembly support system" or "assembly hall system" generically. The assembly hall system's most important purpose is to "support smooth assembly operation," so the system's operability and reliability must be sufficient. In addition, since this system is a group of many systems, and has a variety of functions, there is a considerable amount of installation construction and maintenance. In other words, the efficiency of installation construction and maintenance must be also considered to ensure both reliability and cost minimization.

Hence, while keeping the operability in which the know-how of the assembly hall system is utilized, we developed a new assembly hall system which realizes excellent reliability using a full-duplex voice amplification system, simplified wiring between devices, and mitigation of maintenance work by an automatic check-up function.

Tsutomu Kohnosu
Hiroshi Torii
Masashi Furukawa
Yutaka Sada
Yuuki Ikeda
Takashi Nagayachi

- Technical Papers -

Power flow angles (PFAs) on a langasite (LGS) substrate with Euler angles of (0°, 138.5°, Ψ) , Ψ= 25.7 to 27.7° are investigated for surface acoustic wave (SAW) filters using slanted finger interdigital transducer (SFIT) by an electrical and optical methods. In the electrical method, several tilted SFIT SAW filters with different tilt angles for (0°, 138.5°, Ψ) LGS substrates were designed, and the frequency responses of the filters were measured. In the optical method, the PFAs were directly measured by optical probing for a parallel interdigital transducer (IDT) with wide propagation area on the substrate. As a result, a good correlation between electrical and optical measurements of the PFAs is obtained, but the calculated PFAs are slightly different from the measured PFAs. A good frequency response of a tilted 380 MHz SFIT SAW filter with an appropriate tilt angle corresponding to the PFA on the substrate is obtained even though the aperture is small.

Hiromi Yatsuda
Mikihiro Goto